Class 10 Chemistry Test: Carbon and Its Compounds
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) [1 mark each]
- 1. Which property allows carbon to form large molecules with chains or rings?
- (a) Catenation
- (b) Hydrogenation
- (c) Saturation
- (d) Ionization
- 2 .What is the maximum number of other atoms carbon can bond with, given its valency?
- (a) 2
- (b) 3
- (c) 4
- (d) 6
- 3 .Which of the following compounds is likely to have a double or triple bond?
- (a) Saturated compounds
- (b) Unsaturated compounds
- (c) Ionic compounds
- (d) Metallic compounds
- 4. Fullerenes are a type of:
- (a) Diamond
- (b) Allotrope
- (c) Compound
- (d) Mineral
- 5. Carbon does not form C(^{4+}) or C(^{4-}) ions because:
- (a) It cannot gain or lose four electrons easily.
- (b) It only bonds ionically.
- (c) It has a filled outer shell.
- (d) Carbon has a large atomic size.
- 6. Which allotrope of carbon is the hardest natural substance?
- (a) Graphite
- (b) Fullerene
- (c) Diamond
- (d) Amorphous carbon
- 7.Carbon compounds typically have low melting and boiling points because:
- (a) They are ionic compounds
- (b) Their molecules have weak intermolecular forces
- (c) They are metals
- (d) They have a high molecular mass
- 8.How many electrons are in the outer shell of a carbon atom?
- (a) 2
- (b) 4
- (c) 6
- (d) 8
- 9. Which of the following is a property of graphite?
- (a) Rigid three-dimensional structure
- (b) Conductor of electricity
- (c) Transparent and hard
- (d) Forms ionic bonds
- 10. Which molecule has a carbon structure resembling a football?
- (a) Graphite
- (b) Fullerene (C-60)
- (c) Diamond
- (d) Benzene
Assertion and Reason Questions [1 mark each]
For each question, choose the correct answer:
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (c) A is true, but R is false.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
- 11. Assertion (A): Carbon forms millions of compounds.
Reason (R): The carbon-carbon bond is strong and stable, enabling extensive catenation. - 12. Assertion (A): Most carbon compounds are poor conductors of electricity.
Reason (R): Carbon compounds generally have low melting and boiling points. - 13. Assertion (A): In graphite, each carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms.
Reason (R): Graphite has a hexagonal structure with layers that slide over each other. - 14. Assertion (A): Diamond and graphite have the same chemical properties.
Reason (R): Both diamond and graphite are made entirely of carbon atoms. - Assertion (A): Fullerenes are allotropes of carbon.
Reason (R): Fullerenes have carbon atoms arranged in spherical shapes.
Two-Marker Questions [2 marks each]
- Define catenation and explain why it is significant in carbon compounds.
- Why is it difficult for carbon to form C(^{4+}) or C(^{4-}) ions?
- Compare the structure of diamond and graphite.
- Explain why most carbon compounds are non-conductors of electricity.
- What are allotropes? Name two allotropes of carbon and describe their structure.
One-Marker Questions [1 mark each]
- What is the atomic number of carbon?
- Name one allotrope of carbon that is soft and slippery.
- What is the valency of carbon?
- State one reason why carbon forms stable bonds with other elements.
- Give one example of a carbon compound with a double bond.
Here are the answers with correct numbering for the Class 10 Chemistry test on “Carbon and Its Compounds.”
Answer Key: Class 10 Chemistry Test – Carbon and Its Compounds
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) [1 mark each]
- (a) Catenation
- (c) 4
- (b) Unsaturated compounds
- (b) Allotrope
- (a) It cannot gain or lose four electrons easily.
- (c) Diamond
- (b) Their molecules have weak intermolecular forces
- (b) 4
- (b) Conductor of electricity
- (b) Fullerene (C-60)
Assertion and Reason Questions [1 mark each]
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
- (d) A is false, but R is true.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
- (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Two-Marker Questions [2 marks each]
- Define catenation and explain why it is significant in carbon compounds.
Catenation is the ability of carbon atoms to form long chains or rings by bonding with other carbon atoms. This property is significant because it allows carbon to create a vast array of complex molecules, which is essential for organic chemistry and the diversity of life. - Why is it difficult for carbon to form C(^{4+}) or C(^{4-}) ions?
Forming C(^{4+}) or C(^{4-}) ions would be difficult for carbon because:
- Gaining four electrons to form C(^{4-}) would result in a nucleus with only six protons trying to hold on to ten electrons, which is unstable.
- Losing four electrons to form C(^{4+}) would require an extremely high amount of energy, as it would leave only two electrons with six protons, also an unstable arrangement.
- Compare the structure of diamond and graphite.
- Diamond: Each carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms in a rigid 3D structure, making it extremely hard.
- Graphite: Each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms in a hexagonal planar structure, forming layers that can slide over each other, making it soft and slippery.
- Explain why most carbon compounds are non-conductors of electricity.
Most carbon compounds are non-conductors of electricity because they are covalent in nature, and do not have free ions or electrons to carry electric charge, unlike ionic compounds. - What are allotropes? Name two allotropes of carbon and describe their structure.
Allotropes are different structural forms of the same element in the same physical state. Two allotropes of carbon are:
- Diamond: Each carbon atom is bonded to four others in a tetrahedral structure, making it extremely hard.
- Graphite: Carbon atoms form layers with each bonded to three others in a hexagonal pattern; layers can slide over each other, making it slippery and a good conductor of electricity.
One-Marker Questions [1 mark each]
- What is the atomic number of carbon?
6 - Name one allotrope of carbon that is soft and slippery.
Graphite - What is the valency of carbon?
4 - State one reason why carbon forms stable bonds with other elements.
Carbon’s small atomic size allows its nucleus to strongly attract shared electrons, creating stable bonds. - Give one example of a carbon compound with a double bond.
Ethene (C(_2)H(_4))
