1. Introduction to Community-Based Conservation
MCQs
1. What is the role of communities in conservation?
a) They replace government conservation programs
b) They actively participate in protecting and managing natural resources
c) They promote deforestation for economic growth
d) They only focus on urban development
Answer: b) They actively participate in protecting and managing natural resources
Explanation: Local communities play a vital role in conservation by protecting forests, wildlife, and water resources through sustainable practices.
2. Which of the following is a well-known community-based conservation initiative in India?
a) Green Revolution
b) Chipko Movement
c) Industrial Revolution
d) Operation Flood
Answer: b) Chipko Movement
Explanation: The Chipko Movement, started in the 1970s, involved local communities protecting forests by embracing trees to prevent their cutting.
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2. Community-Led Forest Conservation
MCQs
3. Which Indian community is known for protecting wildlife and banning hunting?
a) Bishnoi community
b) Santhal community
c) Bhil community
d) Garo community
Answer: a) Bishnoi community
Explanation: The Bishnoi community of Rajasthan follows strict conservation practices and has protected wildlife like the blackbuck.
4. What is the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’ initiative in Rajasthan?
a) A government conservation project
b) A community-declared protected forest area
c) A commercial afforestation program
d) An industrial land development plan
Answer: b) A community-declared protected forest area
Explanation: Inhabitants of five villages in Alwar, Rajasthan, declared 1,200 hectares of forest as a conservation area, prohibiting hunting and encroachment.
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3. Sacred Groves and Traditional Conservation
MCQs
5. What are sacred groves?
a) Government-owned forests
b) Commercial logging zones
c) Forest patches protected by local communities for religious reasons
d) Privately owned forest lands
Answer: c) Forest patches protected by local communities for religious reasons
Explanation: Sacred groves are areas conserved due to religious and cultural beliefs, ensuring the protection of biodiversity.
6. Which Indian state is famous for its sacred groves?
a) Rajasthan
b) Meghalaya
c) Punjab
d) Tamil Nadu
Answer: b) Meghalaya
Explanation: Meghalaya has numerous sacred groves where biodiversity is preserved due to traditional and religious beliefs.
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4. Government and Community Collaboration
MCQs
7. What is the Joint Forest Management (JFM) program?
a) A government policy that excludes community involvement
b) A conservation initiative involving local communities in forest management
c) A mining policy to use forest land for industry
d) A tourism development program in forest areas
Answer: b) A conservation initiative involving local communities in forest management
Explanation: JFM is a collaborative effort between the government and local communities to restore and manage degraded forests.
8. Which law in India recognizes the rights of communities over forest resources?
a) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
b) Forest Rights Act, 2006
c) Indian Penal Code
d) Environmental Protection Act, 1986
Answer: b) Forest Rights Act, 2006
Explanation: The Forest Rights Act grants traditional forest dwellers rights over forest resources while ensuring conservation.
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5. Conservation Challenges and Future Initiatives
MCQs
9. What is the major challenge faced by community conservation efforts in India?
a) Lack of awareness and government support
b) Excessive government funding
c) Overpopulation of wildlife
d) Complete success without any challenges
Answer: a) Lack of awareness and government support
Explanation: Many community conservation efforts struggle due to inadequate resources, lack of government assistance, and competing economic activities.
10. How can community conservation be improved in India?
a) By excluding local participation
b) By promoting sustainable resource use and better policies
c) By increasing deforestation
d) By prioritizing urban development over conservation
Answer: b) By promoting sustainable resource use and better policies
Explanation: Strengthening community involvement, sustainable practices, and government support can enhance conservation efforts.
